Grammar Introduction in EJQS | EJQSでの文法導入


Quick Overview | 概要

[Video] Japanese Basic Grammar in 7.5 Minutes

Elementary Japanese Quick & Simple guides you to the mastery of elementary Japanese grammar through 10 grammar points.

[動画] 7.5分で見る日本語初級文法

『初級日本語 Quick & Simple』では、10の文法ポイントを通して初級文法を学習します。

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Introductory Videos of Each Grammar Point
各文法ポイントの導入ビデオ

Grammar Point 1

Mark nouns with particles and place verbs at the end of the sentences.
名詞の後には助詞を使い、動詞は文末に置く。

Grammar Point 1 covers two fundamental rules for forming grammatically correct sentences in Japanese.

  1. Nouns are marked by particles.
  2. Verbs are placed at the end of sentences.

To start, let’s create a variety of sentences using these rules.

文法ポイント1では、文法的に正しい文を作るための最も基本的な2つの文法規則について勉強します。

  1. 名詞の後に助詞を使う。
  2. 動詞は文末に置く。

まずはこの規則を使って様々な文を作ってみましょう。

Grammar Point 2

Change verbs into their long forms in order to speak politely.
丁寧に話す時は、文末の動詞を丁寧形に変える。

In Japanese, levels of politeness and formality are primarily controlled by changing the verb form at the end of a sentence into the long form. In Grammar Point 2, we learn how to change verbs into their long forms.

日本語で丁寧に話す時は、文末の動詞の形を丁寧形に変えなくてはいけません。文法ポイント2では、動詞の丁寧形への変え方を学習します。

Grammar Point 3

Use sentences learned in Grammar Points 1 and 2 in conversations.
1と2で習った文を会話で使ってみよう!

Let’s practice conversation using the sentence structures learned in Grammar Points 1 and 2.

文法ポイント1と2で学習した文を使って会話の練習を始めましょう。

Grammar Point 4

Express the “X=Y” equivalency.
「X=Y」の関係を表す。

Grammar Point 4 covers sentence structures that express equivalency such as “I am Japanese” and “The park is quiet.” Pay attention to the differences from the sentence structures learned in the previous sections. 

文法ポイント4では、I am Japanese. や The park is quiet. のような「X=Y」の関係を表す文を学習します。文法ポイント3までに勉強した文との違いに気をつけましょう。

Grammar Point 5

Use short forms at the end of sentences to speak casually.
くだけた話し方をする時は、文末に普通形を使う。

In Grammar Point 2, we learn how to speak politely using long forms. In Grammar Point 5, we learn how to speak casually using short forms.

文法ポイント2では、丁寧な話し方をするために丁寧形について勉強します。文法ポイント5では、普通形について学習して、くだけた話し方でも話せるようにします。

Grammar Point 6

Use te-forms to make a variety of expressions.
テ形を使って、様々な表現を作る。

There is a form called “te-form” in Japanese that is used with a high frequency. This form always ends in te or de as the name indicates. Grammar Point 6 covers a variety of expressions using the te-form.

日本語のよく使われる形の中に「〜て」で終わる「テ形」という形があります。ここでは、この形を勉強して、「テ形」を使った色々な表現が使えるようにします。

Grammar Point 7

Conjugate verbs to express desire, potential, passive and causative.
動詞を活用して、願望・可能、受身・使役の文を作る。

The meanings of desire, potential, passive and causative are expressed in Japanese by conjugating verbs into the appropriate forms. In Grammar Point 7, we learn how to talk about what we want to do, what we can do, what is done, and what someone makes others to do.

願望や可能、受身や使役の意味は、動詞を活用することで表すことが出来ます。ここでは、したいことや出来ること、されたことやさせたことについて話す練習をします。

Grammar Point 8

Modify nouns in the middle of sentences to provide more detailed information.
名詞に詳しい説明を加えるために、名詞修飾を使う。

How can we say “the cell phone I bought yesterday” instead of “the cell phone” in Japanese? In Grammar Point 8, we learn rules on how to modify a noun in the middle of a sentence to provide more detailed information about it and practice a variety of expressions using noun modification structures. 

The cellphoneの代わりにthe cellphone I bought yesterday と言う場合、日本語ではどのように言うでしょう。ここでは、このように名詞に詳しい説明を加える名詞修飾の文法規則を学習し、名詞修飾を使った色々な表現を練習します。

Grammar Point 9

Add expressions at the end of sentences to convey feelings, thoughts and judgments.
文末に表現を加えて、気持ちや考えや判断を表現する。

The meanings are totally different between “I go” and “I may go.” In Japanese, these kinds of differences are expressed using a variety of sentence-final expressions. Grammar Point 9 covers frequently-used sentence-final expressions.

I go.とI may go.では意味が全く違います。日本語では、このような違いは様々な文末表現を使って表されます。ここでは、よく使われる文末表現を勉強します。

Grammar Point 10

Connect simple sentences together and express more complicated thoughts and situations.
単文を繋げて、より複雑な事柄を表現する。

In Japanese, two simple sentences are combined together into a complex sentence by attaching one of a number of connecting expressions to the end of the first sentence. In Grammar Point 10, we learn a variety of sentence-connecting expressions and practice how to express more complicated thoughts and situations.

二つの文を繋げて複文を作る場合は、日本語では一つ目の文の文末に複文表現が使われます。ここでは、様々な複文表現を勉強して、より複雑な事柄が表現出来るようになるように練習しましょう。